諸聖日

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波兰的万圣节

諸聖日在每年的11月1日。諸聖是一个天主教称呼，用于所有忠诚的圣者和殉道者，包括知名的和不知名的。這個節日是天主教的煉靈月的首日，是以圣者的名义庆祝的节日，而這日是用作慶祝所有被列入聖品的聖人的瞻禮。

罗马天主教将节日（Festum omnium sanctorum）定于11月1日，紧接着是11月2日的諸灵节，是第一等级的庆典，包含一个守夜礼和一个八日庆期。东正教教会的万圣节是圣灵降临节（Pentecost）之后的第一个星期日，因而标志着复活节季度的结束。

感恩

在這天，信徒應當感謝和讚美天主，因為衪賞賜天國永生的真福，亦祈求天國諸聖代為轉禱，好使天主能接納信徒的禱告。

Template:TransH Common commemorations by several churches of the deaths of martyrs began to be celebrated in the 4th century. The first trace of a general celebration is attested in Antioch on the Sunday after Pentecost. This custom is also referred to in the 74th homily of John Chrysostom (407) and is maintained to the present day in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

The origin of the festival of All Saints on November 1 is believed by many historians to have been scheduled to coincide with the ancient Celtic New Year's festival Samhain. Most historians trace the celebration of feast on this day to Pope Gregory III (reigned 731–741), who consecrated a chapel in St. Peter's for the relics "of the holy apostles and of all saints, martyrs and confessors, of all the just made perfect who are at rest throughout the world". The November festival of All Saints was already widely celebrated in the days of Charlemagne; it was made a day of obligation throughout the Frankish empire in 835, by a decree of Louis the Pious, issued "at the instance of Pope Gregory IV and with the assent of all the bishops," which confirmed its celebration on the 1st of November.

In Portugal, Spain and Mexico, ofrendas (offerings) are made on this day. In Spain, the play Don Juan Tenorio is traditionally performed every All Saints Day. In Portugal and France, people offer flowers to dead relatives. In Poland, the tradition on this day (and also on All Souls Day, known there as Zaduszki) is to light candles (znicze) and visit the graves of deceased relatives. In the Philippines, the day is spent visiting the graves of deceased relatives, where they offer prayers, lay flowers, and light candles, often in a picnic-like atmosphere. In English speaking countries, the festival is celebrated with the hymn "For All the Saints", set to music by Ralph Vaughan Williams.

The festival was retained after the Reformation in the calendar of the Church of England and in many Lutheran churches. In the Lutheran churches, such as the Church of Sweden, it assumes a role of general commemoration of the dead (similar to the All Souls commemoration in the Eastern Orthodox Church that takes place two Saturdays before the beginning of Lent). In the Swedish calendar, the observance takes place on the first Saturday of November. In many Lutheran Churches however, the festival has fallen into disuse.

起源

835年，教宗額我略四世定這一天為諸聖瞻禮，以紀念天國的諸位聖人及聖女。教會為表揚信徒忠於天主的典範，善度在世的一生，而冊封他們為聖人，好使其他信徒能效法他們的榜樣，作為遵循的目標。

See also

• Veneration of the dead
• Halloween
• Dziady
• Day of the Dead

Compare

• Saturnalia and Yule Christianized as Christmas
• the festival of Eostre, from whence Easter gets its English language name and many of its symbols

Reference

• All Saints' Day article in the Catholic Encyclopedia

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外部鏈接

• 美國天主教 - 聖者常見問題解答，萬聖和萬靈節Template:En